Their work continued well into the 20th century. Courtesy of The Alfred A. Hart Photo Collection, Special Collections, Stanford University. bags of concrete mix) all day. [, "East and West shaking hands at the laying of the last rail." The first pipe of the Trans Alaska Pipeline System was laid in 1975. The Central Pacific Railroad (CPRR) would extend east from Sacramento across the Sierras and Nevada to meet the Union Pacific Railroad (UPRR) that stretched west through the plains from Council Bluffs, Iowa, and Omaha, Nebraska. Chinese workers were an essential part of building the Central Pacific Railroad (CPRR), the western section of the first transcontinental railroad across the United States. That is, they would come out and walk around, but not a word was said. Email us. There may be one or two Chinese in baggy and patched work clothes, such as those worn by the workers laying the last track in the scene; yet, oddly, one worker has his back turned to the camera, although no one else stands with his back turned. The Construction Health and Safety Risk Cards is an online resource with information to help you identify common risks and keep construction workers safe. China has opened the last section of an east-west high-speed railway corridor that stretches from Lianyungang, Jiangsu province, to Urumqi,… 09 Feb 2021 Operations 3 Gillis, 154-157, 158; for snow totals see Appendix C, 168; Gillis quoted in George Kraus, High Road to Promontory: Building the Central Pacific (now the Southern Pacific) across the High Sierra (Palo Alto, CA: American West Publishing Company, 1969), 145-148; David Haward Bain, Empire Express: Building the First Transcontinental Railroad (New York: Viking, 1999), 245, 246, 318; testimony of Lewis M. Clement, July 21, 1887, and James H. Strobridge, July 23, 1887, United States Pacific Railway Commission, vol. 2 Charles Crocker, quoted in Wesley S. Griswold, A Work of Giants; Building the First Transcontinental Railroad (New York, McGraw Hill, 1962), 311. We . The railways and railway workers played a major role during the Russian Revolution. Browse our collection of loss control resources for contractors, covering everything from hard hats to silica. ©Copyright Employers Mutual Casualty Company 2021. Strobridge, when the work was all over, did invite the Chinese who had been brought over from Victory [nearby work camp] for that purpose, to dine at his boarding car. Many published reports tell of Chinese workers hanging over sheer precipices in woven straw baskets to chip away rock and drill holes for explosives. This was the largest engineering project of the time, crucial for developing the American West and connecting the United States across the continent. Workers should think of themselves as Industrial Athletes; athletes wouldn’t participate in a sport without proper rest and warm-up, so use the same preparation on the job. We also include a few of the photographs taken by Alfred A. Hart, the official photographer for the CPRR, and others, to convey how the Sierra Nevada summit or the Nevada desert looked – and felt. 5, 2577, 2580; “Reminiscences of A.P Partridge,” Lynn D. Farrar Collection, Central Pacific Railroad Photographic History Museum website, accessed May 30, 2017, http://cprr.org/Museum/Farrar/pictures/2005-03-09-01-08.html. Chinese workers worked longer hours than white workers and had to pay their headmen or contractors for their own lodging and food; on the other hand, the Central Pacific provided white workers accommodations and food without additional cost, and they were paid more. In this visualization, we briefly recount the story of the Chinese workers in the context of engrossing topographic contour maps. Andrew J. Russell Collection. Forty-four storms were counted in one winter, and snow at the summit averaged 18 feet/5.5 meters with a total snowfall reaching over 40 feet/12 meters. According to his account, the Central Pacific offered extra wages for Cornish miners to do the work, recruiting them from the Nevada silver mines. 1 Samuel Montague quoted in George Kraus, George Kraus, High Road to Promontory: Building the Central Pacific across the High Sierra (Palo Alto: American West, 1969), 90. Some continued to work for the Central Pacific to upgrade the hasty often makeshift construction, such as replacing the long but rickety wooden trestle at Secret Town Gap (Mile 62.5/Kilometer 100.5) with a fill, and later to work on maintaining the line. Soon, several thousand workers grading along the eastern slope of the Sierra between Cisco (Mile 92/Kilometer 148) and just before Truckee (Mile 119/Kilometer 191.5), digging tunnels, and doing other jobs put their tools down and stayed in their camps. In spring 1867 the company raised their wages from $31 to $35 per month to try to attract more workers, but the Chinese workers sought parity with Euro-American workers, demanding $40 per month, a workday reduced from eleven to ten hours, and shorter shifts digging in the cramped, dangerous tunnels. Tilt head to one side (ear towards shoulder). Twenty workers died in one avalanche, and individuals disappeared in smaller snow slides. Slip, trip and fall hazards are frequently present on utilities worksites. In 1976, construction workers accidentally cut into a petroleum pipeline running under the streets of Culver City, California, resulting in a fatal explosion that essentially leveled half of a city block. The site was “a precipitous, rocky bluff” about 1200 feet high above the American River east of Colfax, California. [, “Chinese Camp At End Of Track.” # 327, Photograph. All rights reserved. Charles Crocker authorized a hot-season pay raise for all workers, including the Chinese.4 The railroad progressed through Nevada at such a rapid pace that large campsites of up to 5000 men would have to move frequently to keep up with the pace of construction.5. 6, the Summit Tunnel, the CPRR abandoned the use of nitroglycerine. stretches, stop doing the stretch(es) immediately and check with your healthcare provider before ... STRETCHES FOR CONSTRUCTION W ORKERS ... the belief that a safe workplace can increase worker productivity and lower your workers’ compensation costs. The Chinese knew they had some leverage because labor was so scarce, even Chinese labor. Hold each position for 20 seconds and repeat 3 times before work. This stretch is also known as the rhomboid upper or upper back stretch. On the positive sides, the railroad made it possible to move goods and people across the country much more quickly. In Strobridge’s estimation, the white workers were “unsteady men and unreliable. . Ergonomics is a common term in factories and office buildings where assembly work and typing can cause repetitive-motion injuries to workers. For example, those who worked in the tunnels were paid an extra $1 per month. Rest periods give the body time to recover from work; breaktime exercises and stretches strengthen the body. Ground was broken in Sacramento at Front and K Street on January 8, 1863 to begin construction of the Central Pacific Railroad, the western link of the first transcontinental railroad. That year and the next local merchants – including some Chinese – rushed in with great anticipation of prosperous business. Summer heat could reach 120 degrees Fahrenheit/49 Celsius, and many Chinese workers collapsed. The most difficult was No. Eventually, the famous Sing Fat Bazaar of San Francisco opened a branch in the town. Courtesy of The Alfred A. Hart Photo Collection, Special Collections, Stanford University. it would have been impossible to control them. Chinese workers were being drawn away from the railroad to work in nearby mines, even though the foremen tried to prevent them from leaving, sometimes by force. 1 Sacramento Daily Union, July 1, 3, 6; Crocker, Report to the Joint Special Committee, 669; Eric Arneson, Encyclopedia of U.S. Labor and Working-Class History, vol. [, Chinese Railroad Workers in North America Project, http://governors.library.ca.gov/addresses/08-Stanford.html, http://ia601403.us.archive.org/6/items/reportofunitedst05unitrich/reportofunitedst05unitrich_djvu.txt, http://cprr.org/Museum/Farrar/pictures/2005-03-09-01-08.html, http://cprr.org/Museum/AA_Hart-Mead_Kibbey_CSLF/Alfred_Hart.html. But there is no extant letter, diary, or memoir by the Chinese workers themselves. These slow stretches help prevent back injuries and make your muscles more flexible. Workers hung by ropes tied around their waist; or they leaned against bosun’s chairs. Courtesy of The Alfred A. Hart Photo Collection, Special Collections, Stanford University. It’s called bend-and-stretch, a sequence of exercises that all Mortenson and Scull construction crews participate in before starting their day working on … 2 Sue Fawn Chung, “Beyond Railroad Work: Chinese Contributions to the Development of Winnemucca and Elko, Nevada,” in The Chinese and the Iron Road, edited by Gordon H. Chang and Shelley Fisher Fishkin (Stanford: Stanford University Press, forthcoming). With locomotives from each railroad facing each other, their pilots (cowcatchers) almost touching, men are lined up on each side to mark the moment, two chief engineers Greenville Dodge of the Union Pacific Railroad on the left and Samuel Montague of the CPRR on the right lean together with bottles between the smokestacks for a toast. 44th Congress, 2nd Session, Senate Report 689 (Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1877), 723. Workers who must often lift, stoop, kneel, twist, grip, stretch, reach overhead, or work in other awkward positions to do a job are at risk of developing a work-related musculoskeletal disorder (WMSD) . Observers could see masses of Chinese workers in three sprawling camps with a total of 275 tents. Stretch your shoulders and chest by sticking your arms out to your side, then bend your elbows until your fingers are pointing toward the ceiling. 1. The railroad builders reached Carlin Canyon, the eastern end of Elko County (Mile 446), on January 25, 1869; and then the city of Elko (Mile 469), on February 8, 1869. Learn more about common triggers of lower back pain like posture, exercise, and spondylosis. WorkSafe also has resources to help construction workers. The expansion project will support up to 9,000 workers at peak construction and create 800 permanent jobs at the facility when the new units begin operation in 2021 and 2022. “I know many construction workers with one shoulder two inches higher than the other, for example. During this 30–year period, the number of housing units in the typical U.S. metro grew by 54 percent, compared with 32 percent for the state’s coastal metros. Cable Stretch. Hold for 3 seconds and relax. Customers also shopped for. Cooks also boiled water so that at the end of each day every Chinese worker could take a bath.5. Each work gang had a white (mainly Irish) boss, and white workers would be assigned the more specialized or skilled work, which commanded higher pay. No matter how much you stretch, you will still have a high risk of back injury if your job requires you to perform heavy lifting tasks (e.g., lifting 90 lb. OCC can initiate an emergency shutdown which will stop flow and isolate the pipeline in 15 minutes. Stress Ball Squeeze. Repeat 3 times on each side. Although many praised the Chinese for their hard work and contributions to building the country, others attacked them as racial inferiors and competition to white working people. Have a question about safety or our loss control services? The tracks reached Wadsworth (Mile 189 Kilometer 304) by July 22, 1868. Press arms as far back as you can. Chinese hired in 1864 also worked on the wagon road from Dutch Flat (Mile 67/Kilometer 107.8) to Donner Lake (Mile 117/Kilometer 188). 6, the Summit Tunnel (Mile 105.5/Kilometer 170), cut through solid granite, 1,695 feet/517 meters long and 124 feet/38 meters below the mountain’s surface.1 Progress was agonizingly slow, with many kegs of black powder used each day, but to little effect in the hard rock. This is the distance the lanyard stretches in order to arrest the fall. A number of OSHA standards contain provisions for protecting workers from falls. If you feel pain or severe discomfort, … Chinese workers began grading and laying down ties beyond Reno in the Nevada Territory, while they continued working in the Sierra. Soon after Tunnel No. the term “MSDs” in the next slide. Oakland Museum of California; Spude, Promontory Summit, 43. by N. 5.0 out of 5 stars 2 ratings. Large numbers of Chinese lay tracks northeast of Reno, and by June 1868 thousands of men worked grading hundreds of miles ahead in the Nevada desert. Plate 227. People had to hold their pose a long time to take photos in those days – so it’s odd that this man holds his hat very deliberately to hide the face of the person standing next to him. Ging Cui, Wong Fook, and Lee Shao, three of the eight Chinese workers who put the last rail in place, on a float at the 50th Anniversary celebration of the completion of the transcontinental railroad in Ogden, Utah. Another, less famous but most informative, photograph by Russell taken minutes before his iconic one shows Chinese workers completing the final work to link the two lines. Water was essential, and out of desperation engineers discovered fresh water from springs inside mountains on the flanks of the railroad line, and they ran pipes and built storage tanks along the route. They had bags of money for each work gang, and at each one they dropped the money into a worker’s hat with a statement written in Chinese, and the gang boss would divvy up the cash to all the workers in his crew. https://www.ramfitness.com/store/p47/Construction_Workers_Stretches.html The Benefits of Stretching. Courtesy of The Alfred A. Hart Photo Collection, Special Collections, Stanford University. In early 1864 workers began blasting and digging through steep terrain on the Bloomer Ranch near Auburn to create a level grade for tracks. A joyous ceremony was held with dignitaries from both railroads, along with a military unit on its way to the San Francisco Presidio. Report of the Joint Special Committee to Investigate Chinese Immigration.

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